Asteraceae Checklist

Oregon Vascular Plant Checklist: Asteraceae

by Kenton L. Chambers and Scott Sundberg

May 2000

The Oregon Vascular Plant Checklist, of which this Asteraceae checklist is a part, is intended as a comprehensive reference for the consistent application of botanical names in Oregon. The completed Checklist will provide scientific and common names for all taxa (species, subspecies, and varieties) of native and naturalized vascular plants in the state. Each taxon has been identified as either native or exotic, the latter category including both weeds introduced by human activity and cultivated species that have escaped and are reproducing themselves in the wild. All included taxa have been verified through at least one voucher specimen in the herbaria housed at Oregon State University (in rare cases, published references to specimens in some other herbaria are cited). Because various books may differ in the naming of certain Oregon plants, each accepted name in the Checklist is followed by all the alternative scientific names that are found in ten “standard references” (floras and species lists covering all or part of Oregon). These references are listed below. There are a number of plant taxa that, although reported to occur in Oregon, are not represented by vouchered herbarium specimens at OSU. A list of these is given in Appendix A, under the title Excluded Species. By calling attention to these taxa, and by specifically mentioning when a plant is known from Oregon only by a single herbarium voucher, the authors hope to stimulate other botanists to explore the flora and to report their observations of these and other poorly known native and exotic taxa of vascular plants.

The working Oregon Vascular Plant Checklist is maintained in a Paradox relational database in the Oregon State University Herbarium. The Checklist was originally compiled by Karl Urban with assistance from Kenton Chambers, based mainly on published floras and taxonomic literature available in 1989. More recently, members of the Oregon Vascular Plant Checklist Project (see list of project leaders inside the cover) and invited specialists have been revising this initial list. Over 30 contributors are involved in writing treatments for the updated Checklist. In addition, nine members of the Checklist Advisory Board review taxon treatments as they are received. This Asteraceae checklist was written by Kenton Chambers and Scott Sundberg. The name of the particular author of each generic treatment can be obtained at the OSU Herbarium web site <http://www.orst.edu/dept/botany/herbarium>, or is available upon request.

The Asteraceae checklist will be followed by checklists of other Oregon vascular plant families. When all families have been completed, the lists will be compiled into a single comprehensive volume. We anticipate that the names of some Oregon Asteraceae will be changed for the final volume, and that additional taxa will very likely be included. In the period leading up to publication of the Oregon Vascular Plant Checklist, we will be posting supplemental information on the OSU Herbarium web site.

The Asteraceae is the largest family of vascular plants in Oregon. The checklist includes 574 taxa belonging to 123 genera and 492 species. In addition, 542 synonyms (alternative names) are listed. Over twenty-one percent (124) of the taxa are non-native. Thirty-three taxa are known from only one collection at Oregon State University, which houses the herbaria of this university (OSC), the University of Oregon (ORE), and Willamette University (WILLU). Five taxa are known only from old collections on ship ballast in the Portland area. Genera with the greatest numbers of taxa are Erigeron (48 taxa), Aster (33), Artemisia (31), Senecio (28), Cirsium (20), and Antennaria (19).

Online version of the Checklist (http://www.oregonflora.org).

This online version of the Asteraceae checklist includes additions and changes to the June 1998 first printing. It has been slightly modified from the May 2000 hard copy version. Changes in Appendix B have been incorporated into the checklist itself with the exceptions of two notes on Aster and Senecio. This text version of the checklist will only rarely be updated. The current checklist is in database format and may be accessed in the Oregon Flora Project web site.

Checklist Format

Accepted name: Accepted scientific names are listed in italics and boldface. These consist of Latin names and their botanical authorities. Authority abbreviations follow Authors of Plant Names (Brummitt & Powell 1992).

Synonym(s): A select group of synonyms, in italics, follows the accepted name. These synonyms were treated as accepted names in one or more of the standard references listed below.

Common name(s): One or two English common names are included for each taxon. In general, common names were compiled from the standard references; however, a few have been newly composed for use in this Checklist.

Origin: Plants are considered “native” if they are assumed to have been present in Oregon before the arrival of Euro-American settlers, and are designated as “exotic” if they arrived after that time. Most exotic species are introduced weeds or ornamental plants which have escaped from cultivation.

Comments: In this part we include notes on hybridization and intergradation, morphological variation, quotations from the literature, justification for inclusion on the list (in rare cases where no vouchers were seen), and miscellaneous observations such as localized occurrences and data on single-vouchered taxa.

Standard References for the Oregon Vascular Plant Checklist

FN = Flora of North America (Flora of North America Committee 1993‑present; Asteraceae volume not yet published).

FPN = Flora of the Pacific Northwest (Hitchcock & Cronquist 1973).

GWM = Guide to the plants of the Wallowa Mountains of northeastern Oregon (Mason 1975).

IL = An illustrated flora of the Pacific states (Abrams & Ferris 1940‑1960; Asteraceae: Ferris 1960).

IN = Intermountain flora (Cronquist et al. 1972‑present; Asteraceae: Cronquist 1994).

JPM = The Jepson manual - higher plants of California (Hickman et al. 1993).

KZ = A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland (Kartesz 1994).

PEK = A manual of the higher plants of Oregon, 2nd edition (Peck 1961).

PLANTS = The PLANTS database (USDA NRCS 1997).

VP = Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest (Hitchcock et al. 1955-1969; Asteraceae: Cronquist 1955).

Other Abbreviations

c. = central

Co., cos. = County, counties

coll. = collected, collection

Cr. = Creek

det. = determined or annotated

e. = east

GH = Gray Herbarium (at Harvard University)

Mtn., mtn., mtns. = mountain(s)

n. = north

ORE = University of Oregon Herbarium

orth. = orthographic variant or spelling error

OSC = Oregon State University Herbarium

OSU = herbaria housed at Oregon State University

p., pp. = page(s)

publ. = published, publication

R. = River

s. = south

sp., spp. = species (singular, plural)

ssp., sspp. = subspecies (singular, plural)

US = United States of America or United States National Herbarium

var., vars. = variety, varieties

vs. = versus

w. = west

WILLU = Willamette University Herbarium

State abbreviations are those of the US Postal Service.

Terminology

Ballast: Soil, gravel or water used to stabilize ships when they have little or no cargo. Ballast was dumped in port cities, such as Portland, or the old town Linnton, before cargo was loaded for the return voyage. Plants new to the state sometimes grew from seeds in the ballast. Many “ballast plants” did not become established and may have persisted for only one or a few years.

ex: Used between names of two authorities (e.g. Douglas ex Hook., indicating that David Douglas suggested the name in manuscript and that W. J. Hooker validly published the name).

Implied synonyms at the varietal and subspecific level: In both Peck's Manual (PEK) and Abrams & Ferris’ Illustrated Flora (IL), there are usually no direct citations of the autonym names of "typical" varieties or subspecies within recognized species. Instead, the genus and species binomial is given, followed by a description of the typical variety or subspecies, and additional vars. and sspp. are then named, each with a description that differentiates it from the typical one. We consider the autonym names, or typical names, to be “implied” in these cases.

Illegitimate: Following the name of a synonym, this indicates that the name appears in print but is not in accord with the rules for valid or legitimate publication (see Greuter et al. 1994, International Code of Botanical Nomenclature).

In part in <reference>: Following the name of a synonym, part of the plants referred to this name in the reference are placed in synonymy here, others are accepted in the Checklist under other names.

Misapplied names: Names of species occurring in other regions, which in the cited reference are incorrectly applied to Oregon plants.

Orthographic variant (orth.): Alternative, usually incorrect spelling of a name appearing in a standard reference.

´: Before a species epithet or between two taxon names, indicates sporadic plants of hybrid origin or a series of hybrid populations which are not considered to be stable and self-reproducing.

Bibliography

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Anderson, L.C. 1995. The Chrysothamnus-Ericameria connection (Asteraceae). Great Basin Naturalist 55: 84-88.

Bain, J.F. 1988. Taxonomy of Senecio streptanthifolius Greene. Rhodora 90: 277-312.

Bayer, R.J. and G.L. Stebbins. 1987. Chromosome numbers, patterns of distribution, and apomixis in Antennaria (Asteraceae: Inuleae). Syst. Bot. 12: 305-319.

Barkley, T.M. 1999. The segregates of Senecio, s.l., and Cacalia, s.l., in the Flora of North America north of Mexico. Sida 18:661-672.

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Cronquist, A. 1994. Intermountain flora. Vascular plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A., volume 5. Asterales. Bronx: The New York Botanical Garden.

Ferris, R.S., ed. 1960. Illustrated flora of the Pacific states, volume 4. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Greuter, W., F.R. Barrie, H.M. Burdet, W.G. Chaloner, V. Demoulin, D.L. Hawksworth, P.M. Jørgensen, D.H. Nicholson, P.C. Silva, P. Trehane, and J. McNeill, eds. 1994. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Königstein: Koeltz Scientific Books.

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Hitchcock, C.L. and A. Cronquist. 1973. Flora of the Pacific Northwest. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Howell, J.T. 1959. Studies in Cirsium - II. Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 9-15.

Jansen, R.K., R.S. Wallace, K.-J. Kim, and K.L. Chambers. 1991. Systematic implications of chloroplast DNA variation in the subtribe Microseridinae (Asteraceae: Lactuceae). Amer. J. Bot. 78: 1015-1027.

Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland, 2nd edition. Portland: Timber Press.

Mason, G. 1975. Guide to the plants of the Wallowa Mountains of northeastern Oregon. Eugene: Museum of Natural History, University of Oregon.

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Nesom, G.L. 1994. Review of the taxonomy of Aster sensu lato (Asteraceae: Astereae), emphasizing the New World species. Phytologia 77:141-297.

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Winward, A.H. and E.D. McArthur. 1995. Lahontan sagebrush (Artemisia arbuscula ssp. longicaulis): a new taxon. Great Basin Naturalist 55: 151-157.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank the Oregon State University Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and the Oregon State University Herbarium for providing facilities, and the Native Plant Society of Oregon and numerous individuals and organizations for financial support. We thank John Kartesz for providing us with a copy of his database of Oregon plants, which was compared with our checklist in the final stages of its production. We also thank the many other people who have provided information on, and specimens of, our largest Oregon vascular plant family.

Oregon Vascular Plant Checklist: Asteraceae

by Kenton L. Chambers and Scott Sundberg

Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Kuntze

starbur (exotic)

Collected on ballast in "Linton, 1916, J.C. Nelson 975 [GH]" (Blake 1921).

Acanthospermum hispidum DC.

hispid starbur (exotic)

Achillea millefolium L.

Achillea borealis Bong.

Achillea lanulosa Nutt. var. eradiata (Piper) M. Peck

Achillea lanulosa Nutt. var. lanulosa implied in PEK

Achillea millefolium L. var. alpicola (Rydb.) Garrett

Achillea millefolium L. var. californica (Pollard) Jeps.

Achillea millefolium L. var. lanulosa (Nutt.) Piper

Achillea millefolium L. ssp. lanulosa (Nutt.) Piper

Achillea millefolium L. var. litoralis Ehrend. ex Nobs

Achillea millefolium L. var. millefolium

Achillea millefolium L. var. occidentalis DC.

Achillea millefolium L. var. pacifica (Rydb.) G.N. Jones

yarrow, milfoil (both native and exotic populations)

A complex polyploid sp. composed of numerous intergrading ecotypes and ecoclines; the named vars. are too poorly defined to be given taxonomic recognition.

Achyrachaena mollis Schauer

blow wives (native)

Acroptilon repens (L.) DC.

Centaurea repens L.

Russian knapweed, Turkestan thistle (exotic)

Adenocaulon bicolor Hook.

trailplant, pathfinder (native)

Ageratina occidentalis (Hook.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Eupatorium occidentale Hook.

western boneset (native)

Leaf size and toothing are extremely variable.

Agoseris apargioides (Less.) Greene var. apargioides

Agoseris apargioides (Less.) Greene ssp. apargioides implied in IL

Agoseris hirsuta (Hook.) Greene

woolly agoseris (native)

Type of Leontodon hirsutum Hook. (at Kew) from "sandy banks of the Columbia. Douglas; Scouler" fits this var. according to Cronquist; no recent colls. from OR.

Agoseris apargioides (Less.) Greene var. eastwoodiae (Fedde) Munz

Agoseris apargioides (Less.) Greene ssp. maritima (E. Sheld.) Q. Jones ex Cronquist

Agoseris apargioides (Less.) Greene var. maritima (E. Sheld.) Q. Jones ex Cronquist, illegitimate name

Agoseris maritima E. Sheld.

seaside agoseris (native)

Agoseris aurantiaca (Hook.) Greene

Agoseris aurantiaca (Hook.) Greene var. aurantiaca

orange agoseris, slender agoseris (native)

Agoseris elata (Nutt.) Greene

tall agoseris (native)

Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Raf. var. agrestis (Osterh.) Q. Jones ex Cronquist

field agoseris (native)

Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Raf. var. glauca

pale agoseris, short beaked agoseris (native)

Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Raf. var. laciniata (D.C. Eaton) Smiley

Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Raf. var. parviflora (Nutt.) Rydb.

sagebrush agoseris (native)

Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Raf. var. monticola (Greene) Q. Jones ex Cronquist

Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Raf. var. aspera (Rydb.) Cronquist

Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Raf. var. dasycephala (Torr. & A. Gray) Jeps., misapplied in PEK

mountain agoseris (native)

Agoseris grandiflora (Nutt.) Greene

Agoseris laciniata (Nutt.) Greene

Agoseris plebeja Greene

large flowered agoseris (native)

Agoseris heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene

Agoseris heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene ssp. californica (Nutt.) Piper

Agoseris heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene var. crenulata Jeps.

Agoseris heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene var. cryptopleura Jeps.

Agoseris heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene var. heterophylla

Agoseris heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene ssp. normalis Piper

Agoseris heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene var. turgida (H.M. Hall) Jeps.

annual agoseris (native)

Agoseris retrorsa (Benth.) Greene

spear leaved agoseris (native)

Ambrosia acanthicarpa Hook.

Franseria acanthicarpa (Hook.) Coville

bur ragweed, annual bursage (native)

Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.

Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. var. elatior (L.) Descourt.

annual ragweed, common ragweed (exotic)

Ambrosia chamissonis (Less.) Greene var. bipinnatisecta (Less.) J.T. Howell

Franseria chamissonis Less. var. bipinnatisecta Less.

Franseria chamissonis Less. ssp. bipinnatisecta (Less.) Wiggins & Stockw.

cutleaf beach bur (native)

Ambrosia chamissonis (Less.) Greene var. chamissonis

Franseria chamissonis Less. ssp. chamissonis implied in IL

Franseria chamissonis Less. var. chamissonis implied in PEK

silver beachweed, beach bur (native)

A few sheets in herbaria have plants that are clearly intervarietal hybrids.

Ambrosia psilostachya DC.

western ragweed, perennial ragweed (native)

Ambrosia trifida L.

Ambrosia trifida L. var. trifida

giant ragweed (exotic)

Label on herbarium voucher states that plants are volunteering in waste area near where being grown for pollen.

Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. f.

Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. f. var. occidentalis Greene

Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. f. var. subalpina A. Gray

pearly everlasting (native)

Leaf width, shape, and amount of tomentum on the upper surface vary considerably, but no vars. are worthy of recognition.

Ancistrocarphus filagineus A. Gray

Stylocline filaginea (A. Gray) A. Gray

Stylocline filaginea (A. Gray) A. Gray var. depressa Jeps.

woolly hookfruit (native)

Antennaria anaphaloides Rydb.

tall pussytoes, tall everlasting (native)

Antennaria argentea Benth.

silvery pussytoes, silvery everlasting (native)

Antennaria aromatica Evert

aromatic pussytoes (native)

There is some taxonomic uncertainty about this sp. in OR, as the voucher coll. (Wallowa Co., Marble Mtn., Eagle Cap Wilderness, 1975) has been annotated alternatively as A. aromatica and A. rosea by the monographer, R.J. Bayer.

Antennaria corymbosa E.E. Nelson

meadow pussytoes, flat topped pussytoes (native)

Possibly confused with A. rosea in OR, as there is only the single difference of a dark spot on the involucral bracts of A. corymbosa.

Antennaria dimorpha (Nutt.) Torr. & A. Gray

Antennaria dimorpha (Nutt.) Torr. & A. Gray var. latisquama (Piper) M. Peck, illegitimate name

low pussytoes (native)

Antennaria flagellaris (A. Gray) A. Gray

stoloniferous everlasting, flagellate pussytoes (native)

Antennaria geyeri A. Gray

pinewoods pussytoes, Geyer's pussytoes (native)

Antennaria howellii Greene ssp. howellii

Antennaria neglecta Greene var. howellii (Greene) Cronquist

Howell's pussytoes (native)

Antennaria howellii Greene ssp. neodioica (Greene) R.J. Bayer

Antennaria neglecta Greene var. attenuata (Fernald) Cronquist, in part in FPN

Antennaria neglecta Greene var. neodioica (Greene) Cronquist

field pussytoes (native)

Antennaria howellii Greene ssp. petaloidea (Fernald) R.J. Bayer

Antennaria neglecta Greene var. attenuata (Fernald) Cronquist, in part in FPN

Antennaria pedicellata Greene

Blue Mountains everlasting (native)

Antennaria lanata (Hook.) Greene

Antennaria carpatica (Wahlenb.) Bluff & Fingerh. var. lanata Hook.

woolly pussytoes, woolly everlasting (native)